> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://open-dataspaces.gitbook.io/ods-docs/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://open-dataspaces.gitbook.io/ods-docs/ods-ram/02-architecture.md).

# 2. Architecture

Architectural Quanta (AQ) is the minimum constituent unit of architecture in distributed data management. Data Product is the AQ of data mesh. To address Data Product’s interoperability problem, Open Dataspaces **newly introduces the concept of “Ontology Product”, which has a symmetric relationship with Data Product**. Open Dataspaces then designates both Data Product and Ontology Product together as the constituent unit AQ. This is the greatest differentiator from the data mesh paradigm. Open Dataspaces calls this AQ paradigm the **Double-Product Quanta Model** (**DPQM**). (Figure 1)

![Double-Product Quanta Model (DPQM)](/files/Ufvsm8R8Ww1CccnobsaQ)

**Figure 1: Double-Product Quanta Model (DPQM)**

ODS-RAM **consists of four layers and four perspectives**, which represent a functional decomposition of the DPQM defined as the minimum unit of architecture. (Figure 2)

![Relationship Between DPQM, Layers, and Perspectives](/files/ARJHXHh0t079YOwPQ8Cs)

**Figure 2: Relationship Between DPQM, Layers, and Perspectives**


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